L'ordre sadien. Introduction a une ethique de la nature
Institution:
Paris 8Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This study mainly intends to settle, first, that the philosophical system of the marquis de sade, contrarily to common view, holds a great consistency which is based on the principle of a commandment (order) of nature, secondly, that the theoritical possibility of this command (which at first sight is not obvious) is linked to an original and critical interpreta -tion of the idea of "natural law" , an unconditonnal reference to the philosophy of enlightments. A precise examination of the sense of command (in its opposition to advice) from its modern origin , i. E. In the limits of a nature conceived without finality and particularly in the limits of the "jurisconslts's and hobbes's philosophy , throws some light on the fact, on the one hand, that kant and sade clearly belong both to a same epistmological ground, and, on the other hand, that an other idea of categorical imperative is possible. Thus an ethics of desire and complicity is justified in itspossibility, and is also under- stood the shared idea which has been running through the modern thought of the law, since kant, sade and freud.
Abstract FR:
Cette etude a principalement pour but d'etablir, en premier lieu, que le systeme philosophique de sade, contrairement a l'opinion courante, detient une forte coherence qui repose sur le principe d'un commandement de la nature, et, en second lieu, que ce commandement (qui d'emblee ne va pas de soi) renvoie, quant a sa possibilite, a une lecture critique, fort origi-nale, de l'idee de "loi naturelle", reference inconditionnelle de la philosophie des lumieres. L'examen de l'idee de commandement (dans sa difference avec le conseil), a partir de son origine contemporaine (soit dans le cadre d'une nature definalisee, et particulierement, dans le cadre de la philosophie de hobbes et des jurisconsultes), conduit, d'une part, a devoiler l'appartenance de sade et de kant a un meme socle epistemologique, et, d'autre part, a degager la possibilite d'un nouveau sens du concept d'imperatif categorique. Par la, une ethique du desir et de la complicite se trouve justifiee, et eclairee la double pensee de la loi qui, depuis kant, sade et freud, semble partager notre modernite dans le domaine de l'ethique.