Abstract EN:

Introduction: if we consider the death concept, two questions are to be answered: - in which does this passage consist of? - Does the next world exist? Answer of the Greek philosophy: the Orphics think they go back to the "Titans" stroke down by Zeus. By the mean of the metempsycose and reincarnation, they hope to find their god Orphes again and become again what they were before: immortal people. - Pythagore is the chief, of the movement which was called after him. This movement has gone two groups. "The acousmatics" the mathematician-philosophers" for whom everything is number. . . . . . The soul is the emanation of the soul of the world; this soul has got a substantial immortality. - For platoon, the soul is an everlasting thing but as a good disciple of Socrate, he shows however, immortality especially in is first dialogue; Phedon, the Republic. Then the love of the beautiful (the Banquet), the movement (Phedre) are evidences too. Answers of the Jewish tradition which justifies herself by the motives of credibility. The roc of the doctrine: pentateuque-proverbs-psalms-: teaching nature and the soul destiny, as the terrestrial retributions of the good work engaged and the state of being of the sheol. The rise of hope: the seventh century, by the prophets' doctrine and the "sages" to an inner religion: Jeremie, Ezechiel, Trito-Isais. From the fifth to the first century before Christ: Malachie, Job, some psalms, the Ecclesiastic persons don't agree with the terrestrial retributions and want immortality. Daniel and the second book of the Maccabees assent that. The manuscrits of Qumran: the Essenians party, rebelling against the Greek invaders, goes to Qumran; at this place, monastic life, theological doctrine which opens to the future life, union with god, the angels cult, the immortality, of the soul are asserted. Conclusion: the book of wisdom: gives the Greek words: immortality, incompatibility which lacked to, the Hebrew. General conclusion: it's reasonable" to believe" face such affirmations.