Usure physique, usure financière : un concept réunifié
Institution:
Paris 1Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
Within the frame of our research, we aim at clarifying the nature of the economic thinking. Too often presented as a mere tool, the economic thinking, as a matter of fact, silently and anonymously elaborates a deeply new relationship with the being, a relation on the management of utilization and idsappearance. That is the reason why the study of the french word "usure", which means both "wearing out" and "usury", is a necessary step to qualify the surge of economy as a dominant thinking. The physical "usure" or "wearing out" appears to us mainly as a phenomenon of transforamtion (friction, erosion, entropy. . . ). In this regard, we have noticed how many epistemological obstacles philosophy meets in the process of studying this phenomenon. Only the technical approach permits us to define the word "usure", though in a negative way, as a phenomenon to be fought, to be minimized. At that point of our work, the financial usury, and more generally the practive of credit, appears to us as the economic response to a world shown as perishable thourgh the principles of thermodynamics. Yet yhis financial practice, far from being a mere tool, initiates a deeply inconoclastic relation ship between man and the world, as the religious ban on the practice of usury show us. That being the case, it seems to us that economy can't be considered any more as a mere tool of management. Beyond the simple rules of exchange and circulation of goods, economy bears in itself a wider meaning concerning the exchanges between man end the world as well as their blending, and that closely binds together knowledge and morals. This is what the connection of the two concepts of utilization and usurty, reunified as the concept of "usure", has allowed to understand.
Abstract FR:
Le cadre general de notre recherche a pour but de tenter de preciser la nature de la pensee economique. Trop souvent presentee comme simple outil, cette derniere elabore cependant, dans le silence et l'anonyamt, un rapport profondement nouveau a l'etre, fonde sur la gestion de l'utilisation et de la disparition. C'est poruqoi l'etude du mot usure, aussi bien en so sens physique qu'economique, nous est apparue necessaire pour tenter de qualifier cette pensee dominante qu'est devenue l'economie. L'usure physique, nous est apparue avant tout comme phenomene de transformation (frottement, coprrosion, entropie etc. . . ). A ce titre nus avons remarque combien la philosophie rencontrait d'obstacles epistemologiques afin de connaitre ce phenomene. Seule l'approche technique nous a permis de definir l'usure, mais de facon negative, comme phenomene a combattre, a minimiser. C'est alors que l'usure financiere, et plus generalement la pratique du credit, nous est apparue comme la reponse economique a un monde que les principes de la thermo-dynamique nous presentent comme perissable. Cependant cette technique financiere loin d'etre un simple outil, instaure un rapport pronfondement iconoclaste entre l'homme et le monde comme le prouve l'interdiction religieuse de la pratique de l'usure. Des lors il nous a semble que l'economie ne pouvait plus etre consideree comme un simple outil de gestion. Au dela des simples regles d'echange et de circulation des biens, elle porte en elle une pensee plus large concernant les echanges, les mel1anges entre l'homme et le monde et qui unit intimement connaissance et moral. C'est tout cela, que nous a permis de decouvrir le concept reunifie qu'est l'usure.