Abstract EN:

Independance has given back dignity to colonized countries. Still, they have to carry out the real restoration of their national cultures as well as to set up a "new man". That is how Frantz Fanon, author of "The wretched of the earth" describes the situation of colonized men. Therefore he thinks that the action should be carried on with. Far from only being based on traditional values this action should open itself to the future and create a genuine "new man" in the context of a more brotherly world. More than an action, it is a matter of struggle, in the revolutionary meaning of the term. F. Fanon also thinks that beyond the alternative between capitalism and socialism, under-developed countries should try to turn themselves towards a third path since their future depends on themselves above all. Combining theory with revolutionary praxis, Fanon is, body and soul, involved in the battlefield while achieving his works ("The fifth year of the algerian revolution" and "The wretched of the earth"). In addition, Fanon, in "black skin white masks", emphasizes the problem of the existence of the negro. The colonized negro, seriously wounded by his situation lives in a distressing inferiority complex: "I am starting to suffer from not being white. . . ". The word "alienation" best summarizes this state of mind. This is what dr. Fanon, as a psychiatrist, also deals with.