Hume, lecteur des morales de l'Antiquité
Institution:
Paris 1Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
David hume, scottish philosopher, was disappointed by the attitude of public after his publishing of treatise of human nature (1739), where he has explained the tenets of his moral philosophy. He decided again to explain more simply these tenets in his moral essays (1742) which became more popular. These essays were presented as four portraits of philosophers : epicurean, stoic, platonist and the sceptic. Every philosopher thinks that philosophy is an art of life. This art may be conduct us to happiness. And at last, the sceptic uses the ideas of the three others in order to make up his method. Consequently, happiness consist in attitude to maintain generally us in life.
Abstract FR:
Mal compris du grand public dans sa philosophie morale, juge, peut-etre a tort ou a raison hermetique et abstrus, david hume, philosophe ecossais, s'est propose de reprendre les grandes lignes de sa philosophie morale developpee dans le traite de la nature humaine (1739), dans les essais moraux(1742) que leur traducteur francais, a. Leroy a appele les quatre philosophes. Hume imagine quatre philosophes : l'epicurien, le stoicien, le platonicien et le sceptique, places cote a cote. Ils forment ainsi quatre portraits. Ces tenants de doctrine exposent, chacun a sa maniere, comment la philosophie est un art de vivre susceptible de nous conduire au bonheur. Le sceptique, contrairement aux trois precedents, ne dispose pas d'une doctrine etablie. Il petrit sa methode de la matiere recue des autres philosophes et la transforme en une attitude de vie.