Abstract EN:

Macedonian belongs to the group of south slavonic languages. Its own evolution and its contacts with the non-related balkan languages : albanian, aroumanian, greek, romanian and turkish, have resulted in important changes : the existence of a triple article ; the obligatory repetition of the direct object (definite) and of the indirect object (definite or indefinite) ; the analystism of the nominal category (without declension) and the verbal category (without the infinitive); the existence of participles ending in n and active participles ending in l formed from the aorist or the imperfect ; the existence of two new sets of tenses made with the auxiliary "to have" or "to be" and the active past participle ending in n. But the main innovation concerns the system of verbs. It consists of a change of the temporal morphemes f a particular function : different attitudes of the subject speaking in accordance with his relation to the object. The interpretation of information by the individual speaking depends on his : - type of perception, conscious or non-conscious - type of knowledge, conscious or non-conscious which determines the nature of the listener's perception of the message : supposed, doubtful, uncertain or - on the contrary - certain, affirmed and real, testified and thus true. These criteria are a part of any statement which uses a verbal form.