Approche typologique des messages oraux par l'etude perceptive des seules variations prosodiques
Institution:
Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
In order to determine the existence of characteristic prosodic structures in a specified number of messages, a perceptive study was conducted of a group of 50 pupils and 50 teachers. An acoustic filtering enabled the isolation of the prosodic variations while retaining only a frequency bandwidth of the recording corresponding to the variations of the fundamental frequency. The multiple - choice questionnaire given to the listeners shows differences in appreciation between the two groups as well as constants in perception. Among the ten types of messages used (poetry, news, theatre, speech, stories, announcements, debates, fairy tales, lectures, conversations) it is apparent that even when only, the prosodic variations were heard, the listeners were able to identify extracts from the theatre, news on the radio, children's fairy tales, spontaneous conversations and poetry. The prosodic structure inherent in these five types of messages could be considered as specific insofar as the dynamic interaction of its features emerges from non - random organisation.
Abstract FR:
Afin de determiner l'existence de structures prosodiquess caracteristiques d'un certain nombre de messages, une etude perceptive a ete menee aupres d'un groupe de 50 eleves et de 50 professeurs. Un filtrage acoustique a permis d'isoler les variations prosodiques en ne conservant de l'enregistrement que la bande passante des frequences correspondant aux variations de la frequence fondamentale. Le questionnaire a choix multiple distribue aux auditeurs revele des differences d'appreciation entre les deux groupes mais egalement des constantes perceptives. Parmi les 10 types de message proposes (poesie, informations, theatre, discours, recit, annonce, debat, conte, expose, conversation), il s'avere que les seules variations prosodiques permettent aux auditeurs d'identifier des extraits de theatre, d'informations radiophoniques, de conte pour enfants, de conversation spontanee et de poesie. La structure prosodique inherente a ces cinq types de message peut etre consideree comme specifique dans la mesure ou l'interaction dynamique de ses traits releve d'une organisation non aleatoire.