Bernanos épistolier
Institution:
Paris 10Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
In order to understand "bernanos epistolier", our research is conducted on the following three points: the problems of the edition, the architecture of the correspondance and the matrix of the self-portrait. Bernanos does not date his letters, or rather he dates them often in his own way, following the liturgical calendar. And in the dates given by the editor to the letters which are not dated by bernanos, we find some mistakes. So, we try to dissipate some chronological ambiguities or at least to inform the readers of such problem. Being aware of the legendary dislike of bernanos for the letter-writing, we ask ourselves: "what does it mean for him to write lettres?". In this way, we realize that the correspondance means to be the face of a friend rather than a simple collection of his letters. Because what was important for the writer, was not to keep up correspondance but to entretain friendly relations. At last, we propose to study the "autoportrait epistolaire", under the light of the painter, considering the following elements: the tools, the perspective and the function - quest of oneself. We realize that bernanos wants to appear as a "faiseur de croquis, dessinateur" rather than a "peintre". And we can observe that the self-portrait in the correspondance was the result of an interaction between the writer and his pen-friends and above all, that the self-portrait was developed in the heart of a conversation between three: "je-vous-dieu". Thus, the correspondance helps us to discover the sincere face de bernanos without any artifice, who tries to answer to the call of god and who wishies only to "imiter le pauvre".
Abstract FR:
Pour bien saisir "bernanos epistolier", on conduit notre recherche sur les trois points suivants: problemes de l'edition, architecture de la correspondance et matrice de l'autoportrait. Bernanos ne date guere ses lettres, ou plutot il les date a sa maniere, souvent en suivant le temps liturgique. Et puis dans la datation par l'editeur des lettres non datees par bernanos, quelques erreurs manifestes subsistent. Or, on tente de dissiper certaines equivoques chronologiques ou du moins d'en avertir le lecteur. Ensuite, sachant la repugnance legendaire a l'ecriture epistolaire chez bernanos, on se demande ce qu'est le geste epistolaire pour lui? ainsi qu'on se rend compte que la correspondance c'est le visage d'un ami plutot qu'un assemblage de lettres. Car ce qui importait a bernanos epistolier, ce n'etait pas de maintenir une correspondance mais d'entretenir des relations amicales. Enfin, on propose d'etudier "l'autoportrait epistolaire", a la lumiere du peintre, a partir des elements suivants: outils, perspective et fonction - quete de soi. On s'apercoit que bernanos veut faire semblant "faiseur de croquis, dessinateur plutot que peintre". Et on constate que l'autoportrait dans la correspondance etait le fruit d'une interaction entre l'epistolier et ses correspondants, et surtout que l'autoportrait se developpait au coeur d'un entretien a trois: "je-vous-dieu". La correspondance fait apparaitre le visage d'un bernanos depourvu d'artifices qui tache de repondre a l'appel de dieu et qui n'espere qu'"imiter le pauvre".