Itineraires cognitifs et structuration du lexique. Etudes d'interrogations de banque de donnees
Institution:
Paris 8Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The progress of beginners' searching was analyzed on a data-base in social sciences. The procedure limitations and the human-machine interactions specific to these written productions were examined in the first chapter. To explain the successive configurations of the user's mental lexicon during seeking, a third dimension was added to the usually two-dimensional model of linguistic representation. By introducing this third dimension, a new progressive plane was defined, in which the relationships between lexical terms set as plural, without being mutually exclusive. To each term of the itinerary, was attricuted one or several marks allowing to represent in a dynamic way the knowledge structures, to develop some relationships between the terms to be organized into schemes of action, to build space caracterizing some steps along the itinerary. In order to describe the planification before writting of the mental lexicon, an ad-hoc unit was defined : the "pre-repre sentation", a structured group of links gathering terms together and pointing out a particular configuration of the individual lexicon in process. A pre-representation was caracterized by constriction, expansion, or reformulation operations, and illustrated by a summarizing, figurative representation from selected typical. . .
Abstract FR:
A partir de l'observation d'interrogations sur une banque de donnees en sciences sociales est analysee la progression de parcours interrogatifs effectues par des utilisateurs novices. Les contraintes procedurales et le rapport utilisateur-machine propre a ces productions linguistiques sont traites initialement. Une troisieme dimension ajoutee au modele de representation habituellement bi-dimensionnel rend compte des configurations successives du lexique mental en introduisant un plan processuel ou les relations entre termes sont posees a priori plurielles et non exclusives les unes des autres. Une categorisation des termes est appliquee, developpant une representation dynamique des structures de connaissances, l'organisation de certaines relations entre les termes en schemas d'action, et la construction d'espace caracterisant certaines etapes de l'itineraire. Le projet pre-verbal de l'interrogation est defini par une unite specifique, la "pre-representation", ensemble de liens entre termes designant une configuration particuliere du lexique individuel en activite. A partir de celles-ci, sont mises en evidence des operations tions de constriction, d'expansion, de reformulation, illustrees par une representation figurative et recapitulative de quesques itineraires remarquables d'interrogation.