Strategies de communication verbales et non verbales d'etudiantes coreennes en cours d'apprentissage de francais langue etrangere
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BesançonDisciplines:
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Abstract EN:
For our thesis, which is a study of the verbal and nonverbal behaviour of two korean students learning french in france, we opted for a longitudinal study spread over a year. This study puts to the fore some general strategies as well as strategies peculiar to each of the learners; and at the same time, an evolutary role in the production of their spoken utterances. In actual fact, this study describes the nonverbal strategies adopted by our two learners in their utterances, in an + exolingue ; situation as a facilitating device, or a linguistic compensation. The use of these communication strategies differ from one individual to the other in relation to their linguistic evolution in the learning process, to their personality and their cultural back groud etc. But there also existe some general procedures at all levels of the learning process, such as repetition, reformulation and autocorrection. As far as the nonverbal strategies are concerned, our two koreans first of all resorted to gesture in the organisation of their spoken utterances. They indeed, quite often, have the tendacy of beating the rythm of their utterances and accentuating the words with a movement of the hand. This type of gesture serves, in our opinion, to facilitate the formilation of the sentence; a tendacy which dimunishes in the evolution of the learning process as shown in video-recordings. They also use gesture to liberate the speech process, to enhance it ant to overcome + obstacles ; which could be linguistic, psychological or situational etc. These two types of gestures observed, show that motrice activities are necessary in the transfomation of thought into speech, at the advanced stage of the learning process, the use of gestures as facilitators and stimuli, become less important. These are replaced by other more natural gestures which are in harmony with the message being put aross. The identification of functions of gesture in the spoken utterances of the two korean learners seems to prove that gesture facilitates speech production. The first two functions of gestures observed, are not to give infomation, but to facilitate the encoding process of the non-native speaker. This study also reveals the precedence of gesture over speech, or at least their concomitance, or their synchronisation in the final analysis, we have noticed that gesture and speech over lap to convey meaning.
Abstract FR:
Pour notre recherche de these, nous avons opte pour une etude longitudinale sur un an de comportements verbaux et non verbaux de deux etudiantes coreennes apprenant le francais en france. Cette etude met en evidence des strategies generales mais aussi des strategies particulieres a chaque sujet, en meme temps qu'une evolution du role du non verbal dans la producitondes enonces. Elledecrtt en effet les strategies non verbales mises en oeuvre par nos deux sujets dans l'activite de production verbale en sitl lation exolingue a des fins de facilitationou de compensation linguistique. L'emploi des strategies de communication differe d'un individu a l'autre en fonction duniveaude competence linguistique, dut parcours d'apprentissage, de la personnalite et de lacultured'origine. Etc. Mais il existe egalement des procedes generaux, presents a tous les niveauxd'acquisition. Tels queues repetitions, les reformulations et les autocorrections. Pour ce qi h est des strategies de communication non verbales, nos deux coreennes ont d'abord eu recours au geste pour l'organisation de leurs enonces. En effet, elles rythment souventl'enonceverbald'unmouvementdela main positionnant et accentuant les mots qui le composent. Ce genre de geste sert, a notreavis, a faciliterla construction de la phrase et diminue d'ailleurs au fil des enregistrements a mesure que se developpe leur competence linguistique. Ensuite, le geste est employe comme moyen de debloquer le processus de la parole, de le stimuler et de surmonter des +obstacles; qui peuvent etre d'ordre linguistique, psychologique, ou situationnel, etc. Les deux types de gestes recenses demontrent que l'activite motrice est necessaire a la mise en paroles de la pensee. A un stade plus avance, enfin le recours a ces gestes facilttateurs et stimulateurs s'avere moins indispensable; d'autres gestes alors, plus naturels et plus en harmonie avec le messagevehicule, apparaissent. Identifier les fonctions du geste relevees dans l'activite enonciative des deux etudiantes coreennes semble demontrer que le geste facilite la creativite paroliere, les deux premieres fonctions du geste n'etant pas d'apporter l'information, mais de faciliter l'activite d'encodage du locuteur non natif. Cette etude met egalement en evidence la preseance du geste sur la parole, ou tout au moins leur concomitance, ou leur synchronisation. Nous constatons donc in fin