L'operation fictive et la conception du sujet chez georges bataille
Institution:
Paris 7Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This study deals with philosophical and literary themes. It considers, in particular, the subject's concept in the work of georges bataille, a french author, who was born in 1897 and died in 1962, and who wrote many texts about sociologicals, philosophicals and literary matters. In the first part, the thesis covers the philosophical and literary path of this author, wich leads him to collaborate, during the 20 s and the 30 s , with various writers groups to conceive his original materialism. The second part, sets the problems of the potential influence of the german philosopher martin heidegger on georges bataille, considering the similarities and the differences between the concept of heidegger's dasein, and the subject's concept in bataille. Finally, the thesis try to show that his subject's concept was built up by its close ties with the literary problems, especially, those wich concern the act of writing, being himself, at the same time, writer and a literary critic. In this context, the " fictional operation" allows the writer to affirm the singularity of his existence, if only as a precarious balance of multiple forces, and also to denounce the solipcistic illusion shunning alterity.
Abstract FR:
Etude traitant des themes philosophiques et litteraires. Elle envisage notamment, la conception du sujet chez georges bataille, auteur de nationalite francaise, ne en 1897, et mort en 1962, qui a ecrit divers textes sur les questions sociologiques, philosophiques, et litteraires. Dans la premiere partie, la these retrace l'itineraire philosophique et litteraire de cet auteur, qui a conduit ce dernier, a travers ses participations aux differents groupes d'ecrivains dans les annees 20 et 30, a concevoir son mterialisme original. La deuxieme partie pose des questions sur la possible influence du philosophe allemand, martin heidegger, sur bataille, afin de degager la similitude et la difference qui existent entre la conception heideggerienne du dasein, et celle du sujet chez bataille. Finalement, la these tente de demontrer que sa conception du sujet s'est formee dans ses etroits rapports avec les problemes litteraires, en particuliers ceux correlatifs a l'acte d'ecrire, que l'auteur abordait incessamment, etant lui-meme a la fois ecrivain et critique litteraire. Dans ce contexte, l'operation fictive permet a l'ecrivain d'affirmer la singularite de son existence, ne serait-ce que comme un equilibre precaire de forces multiples, et, en meme temps, de denoncer l'illusion solipciste se detournant de l'alterite.