thesis

Rapports entre Réforme religieuse et réformes orthographiques au XVIe siècle en France

Defense date:

Jan. 1, 1991

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Institution:

Paris 3

Disciplines:

Authors:

Directors:

Abstract EN:

This study sets out to elucidate and to examine the links which existed, in 16th century france, between various movements advocating reform in religious spheres, and the numerous propositions and projects in favour of a simpler, more phonographic spelling system for written french. Two notions are central here : the first is that of reform, of replacing a corrupt, outdated system with a new, more rational one, better adapted to the needs of a developing society, an idea which had important implications as far as both writing and religious practices were concerned. The second notion is that of the written word, or of scripture (the french word ecriture covers both), the reformation being a movement essentially concerned with putting the bible back at the centre of religious life, by making it readable for a large, non-latin speaking audience. Collaboration between writers, grammarians and printers, linked by their common enthusiasm for "new" ideas, gave rise to a new type of orthography, better adapted both to the new techniques of printing and to the ever-increasing, unspecialised reading publics that the printers were catering for.

Abstract FR:

Cette etude a pour but de preciser les liens qui ont existe, au xvie siecle en france, entre un certain courant en faveur de la modernisation de la langue ecrite, et le mouvement de la reforme religieuse. Deux notions sont centrales ici : celle de reforme d'abord, au sens de "remplacement d'un systeme devenu corrompu ou insuffisant", les arguments des reformateurs religieux et de ceux qui tentaient de reformer le francais ecrit se recoupant souvent. L'autre notion est celle d'ecriture, au sens de "systeme d'ecriture" ou de "texte sacre", l'un des objectifs principaux de tous bords etant de replacer la bible au centre de la vie religieuse, et de rendre accessible a tout un chacun l'instrument de son salut. Mais encore fallait-il que cette parole ecrite soit lisible. Nous montronscomment une collaboration fructueuse entre auteurs, grammairiens et imprimeurs, lies par leur sympathie commune pour les "idees nouvelles", a permis la mise en place d'une nouvelle orthographe, mieux adaptee aux nouvelles techniques de l'imprimerie et a de nouveaux publics, composes de lecteurs inexperimentes, ne connaissant pas le latin, qui ne cessaient de s'elargir, et qui constituaient un enjeu economique, social et cultural emorme.