Les organisations de la jeunesse dans l'occident romain
Institution:
Aix-Marseille 1Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
From the early organisations of the roman youth, only the "juventutes" survived. It was originally the army of rome, and, after the reform of servius tullius, turned into a paramilitary organism, and then, a premilitary one; when conquering the occident, the romans found similar organisations along their way. By lack of activity, most of them became dormant, except for the latest conquested ones. However, they did not disappear, and showed great activity during the empire. The "juventutes" still existed, but when they declined, non official associations appeared. The "collegia juvenum", although few in number, and only italian, are the most well known. The provincial "juventutes" subdivided themselves into "collegia juventutis". Their main activity is the celebration of religious cults in italy and the participation to the defense of the empire in the provinces. The games organisation is only a very limited activity done by some italian associations. They don't fill the office of staff schools at all. They have no political role, except in case of revolts. The christianisation of the empire lead them to death. They disappeared under theodose, at the split of the empire.
Abstract FR:
Des organisations primitives de la jeunesse romaine a seule subsiste la juventus. Armee de rome a l'origine, elle est devenue apres la reforme de servius tullius un organisme paramilitaire puis premilitaire. En conquerant l'occident, rome trouva des organisations semblables sur son chemin, mais qui, du fait de la conquete, s'endormirent faute d'activite, sauf les plus recemment conquises. Elles ne disparurent cependant pas et connurent une grande activite sous l'empire. Les juventutes continuent a exister mais, lorsqu'elles ont decline, des associations non officielles se sont crees. Les collegia juvenum, bien que peu nombreux, et seulement italiens, sont les plus connues. Les juventutes de province se subdivisent en collegia juventutis. Leur activite principale est la celebration de cultes religieux en italie et la participation a la defense de l'empire dans les provinces. L'organisation de jeux n'est qu'une activite tres limitee de certaines associations italiennes. Elles ne jouent nullement le role d'une ecole de cadres. Leur role politique est nul sauf soulevements. L'empire chretien causera leur mort. Elles disparaitront sous theodose, a la scission de l'empire.