De l'infantile à la structure
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Toulouse 2Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
When you read s. Freud's works with infantile as a keyword, you notice : 1) the distinction between "child" and "infantile" ; 2) the identity of infantile and phantasm; 3) the objection of freudian infantile to the development thesis ; 4) the equivalence of the phylogenesis with structure. At the second reading, all these notions enable to get a new approach of oedipes complex as well as the castration complex ; this second reading arose from a new study of the verneinung by s. Freud, a new study suggested by j. Lacan. As a matter of fact, the latter wants to solve the problem of the symbol emergence, without any psychogenetical hypothesis. This effort to reincorporate infantile into the structure, taking into account the enjoyment concept, methodically shows the pregenital relations between the mother and her child. More over, it was discovered that this "infantile" search of the relations with the other may replace the basic phantasm which will be outlined only at the end of the "infantile neurosis" : at the time when enjoyment appears, bound to sexual identity. Hans'phobia enables the need and the destiny of the infantile crisis to be considered, as well as the specific conditions to the birth of phobia. On the last section, the consequences of this approach on the direction of the treatment with a child are deduced ; they can be measured in the same way as the expected end of any treatment, as far as the way through phantasm is concerned.
Abstract FR:
La lecture de l'oeuvre de s. Freud du point de vue de l'infantile fait ressortir : 1) la distinction entre "enfant" et "infantile" ; 2) l'identite de l'infantile et du fantasme ; 3) l'objection de l'infantile freudien a la these du developpement ; 4) l'equivalence de la phylogenese a la structure. Ces aspects constituent un prealable a la relecture des complexes d'oedipe et de castration, relecture introduite par le reexamen, suggere par j. Lacan, de la verneinung de s. Freud : ce dernier, en effet, cherche a y resoudre le probleme de l'emergence du symbole en dehors de toute hypothese psychogenetique. Cet effort pour reinscrire l'infantile dans la structure autour de la categorie de jouissance debouche sur une presentation ordonnee des relations pregenitales entre la mere et l'enfant, et la decouverte que cette exploration "infantile" des rapports a l'autre constitue un tenant lieu du fantasme fondamental - lequel ne sera degage qu'au terme de la "nevrose infan- tile" : en attendant l'epreuve de la rencontre de la jouissance correlee au sexue. La phobie de hans permet d'examiner la necessite et le destin de la crise infantile, ainsi que les conditions particulieres a l'apparition d'une phobie. Dans la derniere partie, sont deduites les consequences de cette approche sur la direction du traitement avec un enfant : jusqu'a les mesurer a l'aune de la fin attendue de toute cure quant a la traversee du fantasme.