Attitudes d'adolescents devant les déviances : délinquances juvéniles, prise de drogues, alcoolisation
Institution:
Paris 5Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Cette these a pour objet l'etude des attitudes d'adolescents devant les deviances et, plus particulierement de leurs attitudes devant les delinquances juveniles, la prise de drogues et l'alcoolisation. Elle soutient que plus la distance sociale est faible entre les jeunes interroges et ceux supposes presenter les deviances, plus l'identification des premiers aux seconds est facilitee ; il en resulte pour ces adolescents, sinon une attitude "favorable" a l'egard des deviants, du moins une attitude moderement "defavotable". Cette hypothese doit etre modulee du fait d'une semblable possibilite d'identification a la victime, quand celle-ci differe de l'acteur, comme c'est le cas dans la delinquance. Les conduites abordees peuvent etre rapportes a trois dimensions. Les unes sont caracterisees comme infractions aux lois et reglementations et concernent des objets exterieurs a l'individu (delinquance, vandalisme) ; ces conduites d'appropriation et de destruction traduisent un rapport problematique aux objets en fonction de leur signification. D'autres s'averent plutot centrees sur le corps, certaines etant qualifiees au plan judiciaire (consommation de drogues illicites), et d'autres ne l'etant pas (alcoolisation excessive). Quelles sont les attitudes des jeunes devant les deviances, quels processus en sont-ils a l'origine ? quelles relations sont-elles susceptibles d'exister entre attitudes et mises en acte ? quelles eventielles concomitances statutaires ? c'est afin de repondre a ces questions qu'un ensemble de recherches a ete entrepris, concernant au total 3000 adolescents. Cet abord a ete diversifie selon le type de deviances et cette divesification a conduit a opationnaliser differemment les outils selon qu'il s'agissait de deviances designees
Abstract FR:
The subject of this thesis is the study of adolescents' attitudes towards deviant behaviour, and more specifically their attitudes towards juvenile delinquencies, drug taking, and alcoholization. We maintain that identification of the questioned group with those supposed to be deviant gets easier as the social distance between them is reduced. Therefore these adolescents' attitude towards the deviants is, if not "favourable", only modulated owing to a possible similar identification with the victim, when he she is not the actor, as is the case in delinquencies. The mentioned behaviours can be brought back to three dimensions. Some are characterised as violations of the law and regulations concerning objects other than the individual (delinquencies, vandalism), these behaviours of appropriation and destruction betray a problematic relationship to objects in relation to their significance. Others are more centred on the body, some qualified legally (taking illicit drugs), and others not (excessive alcoholization). What are the youths attitudes towards deviant behaviours, what processes do they stem from? what relationships might exist between attitudes and the act ? what are the potential concomitances ? it was in order to answer these questions that a series of research was undertaken, involving in total 3000 adolescents. The approach was diversified following the type of eviant behaviour under study. This diversification lead to different operationalizations of the tools according to whether the behaviour was designated judicially, medicated or both qualified judicially and medically. It also