L'Islam et la domination de l'Occident : étude sur les asabiya de civilisation
Institution:
Lyon 3Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This study deals with the relations between the west and islam in the light of the concept of asabiya. The colonialist period, through its basic thought and the effects it generated, gave birth to a conflict between two cultural identities in which one dominated the other. But each one of them expressed a very deep attachment to its own unity and a will to perpetuate its own way of being. The western asabiya expressed the unity of the winner and its very strong will to impose its own world view on the muslim world through a plan of domination which implied a policy of westernization of the defeated society where all the cultural standards were disturbed. On the other side, the islamic asabiya was a response of the dominated society facing domination, rising against the attempts to deprive it of its own self. Through this asabiya, the muslims could safeguard their own self and express their unity opposite the west. This was a negative attitude of reaction provoked by the circumstances, the forms and consequences of the colonialist domination. The muslims adopted an attitude of deep attachment to all the signs of differenciation with the dominants. They looked at the west with anguish and distrust and tried to overcome their objective weakness by opposing a cultural challenge: their own asabiya.
Abstract FR:
Cette etude traite les rapports de l'occident et de l'islam sous l'eclairage du concept de la asabiya. La periode coloniale, a travers ses donnees de base et ses effets fit emerger en conflit complexe entre deux identites dans le cadre de la dominance de l'une sur l'autre. Mais chacune d'elles exprima un attachement puissant a son unite globale et a la perpetuation de son etre. La asabiya de l'occident traduisait l'unite du vainqueur et sa volonte tenace d'imposer son modele civilisationnel universel sur le monde musulman, et ceci, au cours de son projet de domination, qui a implique une politique d'occidentalisation et de bouleversement des reperes culturels de la societe vaincue. Dans l'autre camp, la asabiya islamique exprima la reaction des societes musulmanes face a la domination, contre les tentatives de depersonnification. Cette asabiya fut le moyen qui permit aux musulmans de sauvegarder leur etre, et d'exprimer l'unite de leur position face a l'occident. Il s'agit d'une position negative provoquee par les circonstances, les formes et les consequences de la domination coloniale. Elle a pousse les musulmans a un attachement ferme a tout ce qui les differencie des dominants. Ce qui amena les musulmans a regarder l'occident avec mefiance et angoisse, et a surmonter leur faiblesse objective en lui opposant un defi culturel par le biais d'une asabiya generale.