Abstract EN:

This study is based on a distributional classification of those elements commonly known as prepositions, conjunctions, adverbs and uses an analytical model called the pronominal approach (1). This approach hypothesizes a general syntactic construction. Distributionnal analysis demonstrates a need of distinguish between an "external systax" and an "internal syntax" of those elements called particles. The external syntax shows great similarity to the analysis of "verbs constructions" as defined in the pronomical approach. Working with the internal syntax, certain properties rarely studied become apparent. One is rather particulary status for coordination, another is the existence of a paradigm of specific quantifiers that are characteristic of certain syntagms and finally a relationship of "reformulations" between the different constructions. This study steds new light on the set ideas about the use of prepositions-adverbs in spoken french, and supports the idea that the meaning of a term is clarified by the construction in which it is used. An exemple of this mechanism would be the particles that "express" spatio - temporal relationships. This study shows that it is the types of functionning of the particles that can be opposed, form a pair or a group rather than the particles themselves. The data is drawn from a corpus os spoken french which was compiled in aix, as well as from dictionary entry quotations, literary and journalistic texts.