Abstract EN:

Encouraged and developped by the growth of emerging bourgeoisie of the XIXth century, the English and French realist novel opens to numerous questions concerning the relationship of this realist novel to bourgeois ideology. At times accused of supporting bourgeois ideas confronted with the classes they thought dangerous, at times considered to be a segregationist genre of the novel form which does not exist outside that fictional field which is literature, the realist novel is the cause of much spilt ink on this question everywhere in the world. Being rich in signs and penetration power, the realist novel, with its aesthetic, its themes, its theses, has finally become famous in many literary spheres in Europa and beyong the European world. Acclaimed shortly after its reception in the Arabic world, this realist novel quickly found supporters throughout a generation of Arab novelists. In Egypt its success was immediate and was linked to the political and social context of the period. Taha Hussein, at times called doyen of Arabic literature, at times the secret agent of Western culture, was one of the figures of that generation who was familiar with the Western realist novel, in particular the French. . .