Abstract EN:

Historia romana : two questions have been considered here about this document : first, is it genuine, i. E. By the hand of montesquieu himself? il so, is it original, i. E. A creation of montesquieu, or not? after a careful study of this reference document, it appears, as far as can be ascertained, that it is actually by the hand of montesquieu, taken down as a dictation, and that a number of themes recurrent in his later trend of throught are to be found in it. Montesquieu, a pupil of the oratorians of the college de juilly from 1700 to 1075, gathered the historia romana there, when he was in third form. Here we give an edition with a french translation of this latin text. In this copybook of a schoolboy, many mistakes can be found : we compare them with those committed later by the author as an adult. This course in history bears the mark of the college de juilly, a school famous for his modernity. The methods of that time arte to be found in it, as well as the latin authors appreciated by the oratoains. Moreover, this text takes his place in the long pedagogical tradition enhancing republican standards. This paper from juilly is the starting point of the ideology that montesquieu developed later on, as shown by formal reminiscencs. And the french revolution inherited this ideology.