Abstract EN:

The introduction of the monetary economy in the black african societies in the 19th century will have some major social effects, among these, the movements of population, and of labor. The recruitment and the search for lucrative activities will bring the populations to leave their environment of origin, to turn toward the economic centers. Since the foundation of the gabon market in 1843, until the attainment of the territory for international sovereignty in 1960, the internal migrations of the workers will move from the the interior lands toward the coastel regions, because of the appeal aroused by the worksites of the forest region. The development of the economic activity of gabon will equally provoke an immigration of labor. Senegalese, kroumen, congolese, oubanguians, tchadians, nigerians, and others, will come to gabon to make up for the weakness of the local population the african populations from that moment will find themselves in front of a new development : the working class. They will learn henceforth to work in which to receive in compensation, a salary. The money thus earned will permit them to satisfy the requirements of colonization (payment of taxes) and to those of modern life : the youth, who are the majority to migrate, will equally be able to earn the amount of a dowry. Strong and uninterrupted for more than a century, these movements of laborers will not escape having its repercussions on the internal evolution of the native society. These will be particulary evident in the demographic, sociocultural, and economic plans.