L' évolution de l'image de la femme martiniquaise : de la fin de la première moitié du XIXe siècle à la fin de la première moitié du XXe siécle
Institution:
Montpellier 3Disciplines:
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Abstract EN:
The image suggest the representation of the woman in the value system in martinique. It implies the study of the woman of martinique beyond the scope of her condition. Indeed the station itself remains insufficient as a medium of analysis to go into the intrinsec causes of the difficulties of the opening out of the woman of martinique within society. The study on the evolution of the image of the woman from martinique from around 1848 to around 1950 answers to these observations. Its approach leads to the definition of its object in history. The reasons for this study on the woman from martinique's image can be explained through a great historical injustice towards her and thus speaks of the desire to rehabilitate her. Three and a half centuries of slavery went together with the image of the black woman in martinique. Then came the abolition of slavery in may. 22nd-23rd 1848. The working-class and the small peasantry gathered from 1848 and 1900. The newly emancipated slave women became agricultural wage-earners. But working conditions were difficult to them and grew worse and worse with the recruiting of foreign workers. The proslavery habits were still present after may 1848. Violence from the whites as well as from the blacks heaped abuse on the balck woman. She was very much affected in her private life. The negroid women were the main victims of the old proslavery value. With the advent of public education the poor mothers longed for a better future to their children. Women had long been kept away from the political field. In 1946 the woman of martinique took advantage of the feminine right to vote in france in 1944 though a voter she couldn't participate to the political decisions in the island. The study of the woman from martinique's image is dealt according to those elements. The literary work has principally helped to its inspiration.
Abstract FR:
L'image suggere la representation de la femme dans le systeme des valeurs en martinique. Elle suppose l'etude sur la femme martiniquaise au-dela du cadre de sa condition. En effet la condition reste insuffisante comme support d'analyse pour approfondir les causes intriseques aux difficultes d'epanouissement et de progres de la martiniquaise dans la societe. L'etude sur l'evolution de l'image de la femme martiniquaise autour de 1848 jusqu'aux environs de 1950 repond a ces observations. Son approche conduit a la definition de son objet dans l'histoire. Les raisons de cette etude sur l'image de la femme martiniquaise s'explique par une grande injustice historique envers elle et ainsi par le desir de la rehabiliter. Trois siecles et demi d'esclavage accompagnerent l'image de la femme noire en martinique. Puis l'abolition de l'esclavage le 22-23 mai 1848 survint. La classe ouvriere et la petite paysannerie se formerent entre 1848 et 1900. Les nouvelles affranchies devinrent des salaries agricoles. Mais les conditions de travail leur furent horribles et empirerent avec le recrutement des travailleurs etrangers. Les moeurs esclavagistes resisterent longtemps apres mai 1848. La violence du blanc comme du noir accabla la femme noire. Elle fut tres atteinte dans sa vie affective. Les negresses furent les principales victimes des anciennes valeurs esclavagistes. Avec l'avenement de l'enseignement public les meres pauvres aspirerent a un avenir meilleur pour leurs enfants. Les femmes furent longtemps eloignees du domaine politique. En 1946 la martiniquaise profita du droit de vote feminin en france etabli en 1944. Pourtant electrice, elle ne participa point aux decisions politiques de l'ile. L'etude de l'image de la femme martiniquaise s'effectue suivant ces evenements. L'oeuvre litteraire a principalement servi a son inspiration.