Voir les fous : aux marges du portrait
Institution:
Paris, EHESSDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
L'age classique, cartesien, a repute les fous dissemblables a eux-memes, et partant incapables de faire l'objets de portraits ressemblants - mimetiques. Mais a l'oree du dix neuvieme siecle, pinel esquirol et morison, parmi les premiers alienistes, etayent une partie de leur reflexion scientifique sur des portraits de fous dont ils accompagnent leurs traites. Avant d'elaborer une reflexion historique et theorique sur ces portraitures aux limites de la ressemblance, la these retrace l'evolution des conditions de visibilite des fous, a partir de l'histoire des dispositifs cliniques mis en place par l'architecture asilaire. La semiologie physiognomonique de lavater apparait, quant a elle, comme un moment charniere de ce processus de mise en vue des fous infigurables.
Abstract FR:
In the classical, cartesian age, the man were reputed as being unlike themselwes, and incapable of being made the object of like - mimetic portraits. But at the dawn of the ninetennth century, pinel, esquirol and morison, among the first alienists, supported part of their scientific reflection with the portraits of made people with which they accompanied their treatises. Before elaborating an historic and theoric reflection on the portraits at the limits of likeness, the thesis retraces the evolution of conditions of visibility of mad people, using the history of clinical measures put into place by the asylum architecture. The phsysiognomical semiology of lavater appears to be the turning point in the process of putting the unseen mad into view.