Abstract EN:

The study of what called "la grande guerre" in the Seine-et-Marne department, shows a peculiar situation in one of the Ile-de-France department due to its localisation. Indeed, this department very near from the front line, is twice (1914 and 1918) under the fire of the "battle of Marne". It has to accept the instructions from several authorities such as paris camp, the armies zone, the inside zone and the "etapes zone". The main difficulty comes from the constant evolution of these different authorities zones. The multiplication of civil and military authorities, as well as organisations created by the French government itself, increases the inertia of the economic activity (agriculture for most of it) and slows down its industrial conversion. It strenghens the economical, political and religious opposition between the north and the south of the department. In spite of censorship, the public opinion shows clearly its desagreement throughout the newspapers of all political tendances. Due to this particularly complicated situation, the general commanding the fifth region, has many difficulties in developping with its four departments (lLoiret, Loir-et-Cher, Yonne and Seine-et-Marne), the local economy requested by the war situation. In fact, these difficulties will remain at the beginning of the post-war period. After the war, the government's power is still strong, showing out the previous economy problems of the Seine-et-marne department, as well as briging up new solutions. Facing the war consequences, this department is looking for its independance toward Paris'developpment