La police en alsace de mille huit cents a mille huit cent soixante-dix
Institution:
Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The aim of this work is the description of the structures of the police. Alsace represents a privileged area for studing this administration. The difference between the mostly agricultural departement of bas-rhin and the industrial haut-rhin, the importance of the money market of strasbourg, its proximity to germany and switzerland, all this led to the presence of a powerfull police organization in this region. Part one - the structures of the police in alsace. Studying the organization of the alsatian police under the various political systems at this time allows us to understand the working of this machinery and its place in the government management. With the analysis of the budget statements and the relationship between the police and the other governmental departments, we can realize how the police truely functioned. Part two - the police officials. Through the socio-professional origin of the superintendents and policemen we can see in wich population levels the ruling party recruted the police officials. We must note that the occupation of the superintendents was subjected to much constraint. Part three - the work. The many-sided work of the superintendants (police administrative et judiciaire) is revealing the diversity of their mission. Part four - the nineteen century : a golden age for the political police? the intensive use of the secret police and secret agents let us catch a glimpse of a shady world. The practice of the political police was submitted to specail rules wich prove the importance of this organization in the wheels of state.
Abstract FR:
Ce travail a pour but de decrire les structures d'une institution specifique de l'etat: la police. L'alsace constitue un territoire privilegie pour l'etude de cette administration; la diversite entre un departement du bas-rhin, essentiellement agricole et le haut-rhin plutot industriel, l'importance de la place commerciale et financiere de strasbourg, la proximite de l'etranger ont entraine la presence d'une police puissamment organisee dans cette region. Premiere partie : les structures de la police en alsace. L'organisation de la police sous les differents regimes de dix-huit cents a dix-huit cent soixante dix en alsace permet de comprendre le fonctionnement de cette institution et sa place dans l'appareil etatique. L'etude des budgets, les rapports entre les differentes administrations et la police fix ent le cadre general de l'exercice de la fonction policiere. Seconde partie: les hommes, le personnel policier. L'origine socio-professionnelle des commissaires et agents de police nous montre dans quelles strates de la population le pouvoir a choisi de recruter le personnel policier. Le metier de commissaire etait d'autre part soumis a de multiples contraintes. Troisieme partie : le travail policier. Les differents aspects du travail policier (police administrative, police judiciaire) revelent la diversite et la complexite de leur mission. Quatrieme partie : le dix-neuvieme siecle, un age d'or pour la police politique? l'utilisation de la police secrete et des agents secrets fait entrevoir le fonctionnement de ce monde interlope. L'exercice de la police politique repondai t a certaines regles, mettant en evidence que l'institution policiere etait concue comme un moyen de gouvernement.