Les hannong : etude des decors peints sur les faiences et porcelaines a strasbourg et haguenau (1721-1784)
Institution:
Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008)Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This thesis is the result of knowledge within the domain of the hannong's ceramic productions. The first part relates the chronological account of alsatian factories, replacing it in economical and political contemporary backgrounds. It is proved that the family atmospheres of the hannong and the political and commercial restraints have a close influence on the smooth running of business and the quality of the production. The second part deals with the different techniques of fabrication : the working materials for the making of ceramics (furnaces, saggers, ladybirds, colors), as well as the accessories used for the elaboration of decorations (pouncing patterns, engravings, models). At last, the main researches are reported in the third part, by the most important : the study of the evolution of floral decorations, supported by the forms summaries (checking off all the pieces manufactured by the hannong, except some statuettes and trompe l'oeil) and the absolutely necessary thousand two hundred and sixty nine annotated illustrations. On comes to the conclusion that every new type of motif is at first imitated or inspired by other factories, adapted to regional taste, and transformed to become characteristic of the hannong. First executed as carefully as possible in order to attain perfection, it becomes more pictorial afterwards, to ombine with the scope of an industrial production, where profitability, therefore rapidity of confection, come first.
Abstract FR:
Cette these est le resultat des connaissances acquises dans le domaine des productions ceramiques des hannong. Une premiere partie relate l'historique des manufactures alsaciennes en le replacant dans les contextes economiques et politiques contemporains. Il est demontre que les climats familiaux des hannong, et les contraintes politiques et commerciales influent etroitement sur la bonne marche des affaires et sur la qualite de la production. La seconde partie expose les differentes techniques de fabrication : le materiel pratique de confection des ceramiques (fours, cazettes, pernettes, couleurs), ainsi que les accessoires utiles a l'elaboration des decors. Cette etude conclut a la necessite d'utiliser poncifs, gravures ou modeles pour la majorite des decors, meme ceux en qualite fine. Enfin, l'essentiel des recherches est presente en troisieme partie, de loin la plus importante : l'etude de l'evolution des decors floraux, avec le soutien des tableaux des formes (ou sont recensees toutes les pieces fabriquees chez les hannong, a l'exception des statuettes et des trompe-l'oeil), et celui, indispensable, de mille deux cent soixante neuf illustrations commentees. On arrive a la conclusion que chaque nouveau type de motif est d'abord copie ou inspire d'autres manufactures, adapte au gout regional, et transforme pour devenir propre aux hannong. D'abord execute le plus soigneusement possible pour atteindre la perfection technique, il se picturalise ensuite pour s'integrer dans le cadre d'une production industrielle ou la rentabilite, donc la rapidite de confection, prime.