Abstract EN:

First, we wanted to reestimate the weight of the religious fact in the building of "l'esprit public" of the rural inhabitants of the Ille-et-Vilaine. So, the sudden change of population first favourable toward revolution, become more comprehensible. In fact there was a bad listening of the rurals. Revolutionnariste made confusion between a reformist spirit and a revolutionnarist one. A study of the "cahiers de doleances de la senechaussee de Rennes", has convinced us that people were generally moderate. Principally, because of the municipality’s registrars, we could look at the hiatus between political national evolutions and their assimilation in the rural spaces. The study has convinced us that "Ille-et-Vilaine", in 1789, there wasn't any fatality for acceptation or reject of the revolution. Revolutionnarists couldn't or didn't want to hear the ambiguous waitings of the ruralunhabitants, who wanted to keep liberty for religion. A big rupture was born from this reciprocal incomprehension. We have chosen to study these important points of Ille-et-Vilaine's history : the first municipal elections, the "constitution civile du clerge", the republican religions and dechristianisation under terreur and modalities of concordat, what has incited us to reduce the importance of apolitical fact only national. We get two conclusions : that religion is something about identity of the rural communities, and its high capacity to transcender the political oppositions.