Abstract EN:

This french history of archaeology deals with the mediterranean and near eastern countries, including egypt and occidental asia. The working out course of a science is studied from its origins to its completion : from the appearancxe of the archaeological object and the frist official works (1788, expedition to egypt) to the setting up of a scientifical archaeology studied inside specific institutions (1939 creating of the cnrs, centre national de la recherche scientifique). The various archaeological subjects are considered as well as the links between them : classical, oriental, prehistoric and metropolitan archaeology. This history of archaeological science turns out to be an interdisciplinary one as far as the connections between the various antiquity sciences are studied : archaeology, philology, epigraphy, nunismatology. Whether abroad or in countries under the french administration, the international competition arises in the matter of archaeology. This history is endeavouring to clear up the links between archaeology and politics; moreover if the french science remains its main aim, the history and different aspects of archaeology in other european countries and the united states of america are studied as well. As a conclusion we determine how important the part of archaeology in the we determine how important the part of archaeology in the historical research is.