Lesbos : la ville de Mytilène et sa région : économie et société de 1840 à 1912
Institution:
Paris, EHESSDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
This doctoral dissertation confronts with the phenomenon of development of lesbos, greek island situated at the noth-east mediterranean, and its capital mytilini, during the last seventy two years of ottoman occupation (1840-1912). It depicts the picture of lesbos growth in the second half of the 19th century, a process that englobes the biological, economic, social and intellectual spheres, as well as its protagonists- the subdued greeks. An extensive part is devoted to the study of the economy of "monoproduction for exportation", as well as the oil-process from its primitive stage to the oil-plant steam industry. The study of the dowry acts and testaments allows a closer approach to the social structure, indicating its different groups. Special attention has been given to the study of the lifestyle and enterprise attitudes of the upper class, merchants, landowners, industrials, as well as the lesbians of the "diaspora". Finally, the last part is dedicated to the bourgeois society and the social effervescence of the capital after 1880. The analysis indicates that mytilini must be included between the first cities of the empire, that at the end of the 19th century, evolve rapidly towards capitalism.
Abstract FR:
Cette etude aborde un phenomene de croissance, celui de lesbos, ile grecque au nord-est mediterraneen, et de sa capitale, mytilene, pendant les derniers soixante-douze ans de l'occupation ottomane, elle observe et propose une interpretation du phenomene, en decelant les mecanismes de l'essor et les forces qui l'ont cree, les grecs assujettis. Une grande partie est consacree a l'etude de l'economie de "monoproduction exportatrice" ainsi que du processus de production de l'huile du stade primitif jusqu'a l'industrie huiliere a vapeur. Des series des dots et testaments ont permis de proposer un tableau de la stratification sociale et indiquer ses divers groupes. Pour ce qui est de la couche aisee, grands commercants, proprietaires fonciers, et industriels, ce travail indique les sources ou ses membres attirent leurs benefices, observe et interprete leurs attitudes d'entreprise. Cette recherche souligne le role primordiale des mytileniens de la "diaspora" dans l'essor economique de lesbos. La derniere partie est consacree au monde bourgeois et a l'effervescence sociale de la ville apres 1880. De l'analyse il ressort que mytilene doit etre incluse parmi les centres de l'empire qui, a la fin du xixeme siecle evoluent rapidement vers le capitalisme.