L'enfant dans la societe des alpes-maritimes de 1860 a 1882
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Abstract EN:
The child in the society of the alpes-maritimes in the nineteenth century is revealed by two different worlds. He stays within his family until the biginning of his scolarity. He must bestudied since his conception because the role that plays the family surrounding isessential during the first years of his life. He is surrended by his parents especially his mother, his neighbours and some relatives like midwifes and doctors but life is getting more difficult for unmarried mother children or abandonned children. As he grows up the child becomes very quickly independent and is confronted to many institutions. Some, as church does defend him. Sometimes, justice protects him or condemns him when hescorns the rules of society. Some children are to work in fabriks orinapprenticeship in workshops. But a specific institution which is entirely devoted to him, is is developed : school-the governentextends its power on the french youth, to make them through this institution, future good citizens.
Abstract FR:
L'enfant dans la societe des alpes-maritimes au dix-neuvieme siecle se revele a travers deux cadres differents : la famille et les institutions. Il reste au sein de sa famille de sa naissance a l'age scolaire. Il doit etre etudie des sa conception car le role de l'environnement familial est essentiel durant les premieres annees de sa vie. Il est entoure par ses parents surtout sa mere, ses voisins et certains proches comme les sages-femmes et les medecins. Mais la vie est plus difficile pour les enfants de filles-meres ou les enfants abandonnes. En grandissant, l'enfant conquiers tres vite une certaine independance et est rapidement confronte a differentes institutions. Certaines, comme l'eglise, le defendent. La justice, elle, parfois protege l'enfant ou bien le condamne quand il bafoue les regles de la societe. Certains enfants sont confrontes au travail dans les manufactures ou mis en apprentissage dans des ateliers. Mais une institution specifique, qui lui est entierement reserve, se developpe : l'ecole. Par ce biais, l'etat etend son pouvoir sur toute la jeunesse francaise pour en faire de futurs bons citoyens