Une administration française face à la seconde guerre mondiale : les P.T.T.
Institution:
Toulouse 2Disciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
Now that we have tried to explain precisely how the french postal services have made their way through world war two we shall be concerned with collaboration deeds, people who have schieved them and how they have been punished throughout the purge. The study of individual casses will help us understand the phenomenon, and thus the basis on which the concept of collaboretion originates. As well as the representation of it among the postal office staff after word war two. We shall establish a typology factorial analysis which will help us to analyse it. As contradictory as it may appear, the computterized process of these data will bring to the fore how people's perception and personal points of view can be prominent in our interpretation of facts. In view of the result. We can see now conflicting necessities have imposed on the purge process employees who had compromised in collaboration couldn't possibly be maintained in their positions without dishonouring the republic and had to be punished : the corporation demand for their administration to become a symbol for a growing need for renewal, and also their desire to embody liberation which had been idealized through for years of frustation and sufferings, also had to be satisfied. We shall point out now some collaboration deeds have been perceuved and remenbered differently according to position of witnesses within their administration. The conclusion will display a typology of the people (rather than acts) and portray the six social groups mostly affected by purge in postal services. The result will lead us to put into question the way a purge can be performed in an administration, and to suggest that purge can be more of a symbolic procedure, carefully arranged, than more respression.
Abstract FR:
Apres avoir precise comment les ptt ont traverse la 2eme guerre mondiale on etudiera ici les actes de collaboration, ceux qui les ont commis, et la maniere dont ils ont ete punis au cours de l'epuration. C'est a partir des dossiers personnels d'epuration qu'on tentera de mieux comprendre ce phenomene, et a travers lui les elements qui fondentle concept de collaboration et les representations collectives qu'il suscite dans le monde postal d'apres-guerre. Ayant etabli une typologie des motifs de sanction, nous analyserons les resultats obtenus par plusieurs analyses factorielles. Paradoxalement, l'outil informatique nous ramenera, par les contradictions qu'il permet de degager, a des interpretations laissant aux phenomenes de representations et d'opinions une place de premier plan, ces resultats ne laissent pas de penser que le processus d'epuration parait enserre par des necessites contradictoires : punir les fonctionnaires manifestement compromis dans la collaboration et qu'il serait deshonorant pour la republique de conserver en son sein ; et satisfaire l'opinion corporative en devenant un lieu symbolisque ou s'affirme conflusement une volonte collective de renouveau, et ou s'expriment les representations d'une liberation idealisee par quatre annees de frustrations et de souffrances. On montrera d'ailleurs comment la perception de certains actes de collaboration s'imprime differemment dans les memoires selon le rang hierarchique des temoins. La conclusion proposera enfin une typologie des hommes, et non plus des actes, un portrait collectif des six groupes sociaux principalement touches par l'epuration postale. Ce bilan haumain amenera a s'interroger sur la nature de l'epuration telle qu'elle se deroule dans le monde administratif, en avancant une definition qui la caraterise moins comme un phenomene purement repressif que comme une mise en scene, une epuration symbolique.