Abstract EN:

Between 1962 and 1977, the m. P. L. A. (the popular movement for the liberation of angola), an anticolonial organisation whose creation was marked by many controversies, put into place a more or less coherent political-military structure with a rather weak theoretical base. It was subsequently characterised by numerous crises and recurrent dissensions which led to a strengthening of the structural base, but contributed to a turbulent history whose major points will be discussed in this paper. These crises and dissensions were the result of socio-cultural, ethniclinguistic, regional, racial and ideological oppositions within the movement itself and continued when the m. P. L. A. Became a party-state. These events took place against a background of a difficult and fragmented guerilla struggle, poorly equipped and culminating in a most fragile independence. After the collapse of the colonial regime, within an international and regional context of the cold war, the m. P. L. A. , against all expectations, managed to supplant its rivals (f. N. L. A. And u. N. I. T. A. ) and unilaterally take over power in angola. To do this, the m. P. L. A. Made full use of its local and international alliances, particularly that of the socialist bloc. This, however, influenced internal developments in the country (notably, the so-called "nitiste" cris in 1976-77) as well as its future political-ideological choices on the international