L'esclavage a grenade au xvie siecle
Institution:
Paris, EHESSDisciplines:
Directors:
Abstract EN:
The aim of this thesis was tomesure the importance of slavery in the city of granada during the 16th century. Our purpose was to point out the life experiences of men and women slaves through the use of a gender perspective. The variety of documents used (notarial, ecclesiastical, juridical and also the census of 1561) let us make a statistical analyse of the information as well as a qualitative study of the results. These sources proved the importance of slavery in granada during the 16th century, a phenomenon that had been understimated in specialized historiography. Slave population was formed by blackafricans and northafricans during the first half ofthe century,but from 1569 on, itwas mainly constituted by moorish born in the kingdom of granada. This population was mainly formed by women slaves during the whole century. The price of slaves was stable during the first sixty years of the century, but from 1560 on, we observe an important rise in prices. That suddenly goes down at the time of the moorish rebellion (1569-1571) to continue rising during the last twenty years of the 16th century. But, the price of women slaves is constantly higher than that of men slaves. These questions and the social context of slavery during the16th century in granada are largely discussed in this thesis.
Abstract FR:
Le principal objectif de cette these etait de mesurer l'importance de la realite sociale de l'esclavage a grenade au xvie siecle. L'approche visait plus particulierement la mise en lumiere des rapports sociaux entre les sexes. La diversite des sources utilisees (notariales, ecclesiastiques et judiciaires, auxquelles s'ajoute le recensement grenadin de 1561) a permis autant une analyse statistique que qualitative du phenomene etudie qui aboutit a une vision moins parcellaire de la realite sociale de l'esclavage. Les constatations issues de cette recherche mettent en relief l'importance du phenomene esclavagiste dans la grenade du xvie siecle, sousestimee dans l'historiographie specialisee. La population esclave est constituee au debut du siecle par des negres africains et des barbaresques et, a partir de 1568, par des morisques. Cette population est majoritairement feminine pendant tout le siecle. Le prix des esclaves est stable pendant la premiere moitie du siecle, mais a partir de 1560, on observe une montee des prix qui chute brutalement a l'epoque de la rebellion. La tendance a la hausse se retablit dans les vingt dernieres annees. Cependant, le prix des femmes esclaves est superieur a celui des hommes. Ces questions et le contexte de la realite sociale de l'esclavage a cette epoque font l'objet d'une analyse detaillee du memoire de these.